Scientists in Tokyo have uncovered “Inocles,” massive strands of extrachromosomal DNA hidden inside bacteria in human mouths. These giants, overlooked by traditional sequencing, could explain how oral microbes adapt, survive, and impact health. Found in nearly three-quarters of people, Inocles carry genes for stress resistance and may even hint at links to diseases like cancer, opening a whole new frontier in microbiome research.
source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/09/250912195128.htm
Superheated sediments in a submarine pressure cooker—an unexpected source
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The mid-ocean ridge runs through the oceans like a suture. Where Earth's
plates move apart, new oceanic crust is continuously formed. This is often
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